Country-Level Reports
Land Tenure and Property Rights Assessment for Angola
This report is an initial assessment of land tenure and property rights in Angola. It was intended to be used to further refine and test land tenure and property rights assessment tools. The assessment tools provide an in-depth rapid land tenure and property rights assessment that would identify and rank important land issues and provide the information needed to design useful interventions. The assessment and the related findings and recommendations are broken down into the following categories: (1) Conflicts and Instability; (2) Insecure Land and Property Rights; (3) Landlessness and Inequitable Land Distribution; (4) Poorly Performing Land Markets; and (5) Unsustainable Natural Resources Management. Each category includes a description of: (1) the team’s on-the-ground assessment; (2) current donor activities in the area; and (3) recommendations for USAID intervention.
Ethiopia Land Policy and Administration Assessment
The assessment was created to assist USAID/Ethiopia in clarifying the technical elements and technical assistance needed to implement a program intervention aimed at increasing security of tenure and rights for land. The exercise analyzed land tenure security, land policy, land administration, land management, and related issues, including the transferability of land use rights and land certification programs as they impact food security and agricultural development in Ethiopia.
An Assessment of Property Rights in Kosovo
This report assesses how property rights are currently influencing conflict, investment, agriculture, and municipal governance in Kosovo. The report also identifies possible areas where USAID/Kosovo might provide technical assistance to draft laws, strengthen institutions, and/or resolve conflicts which will enhance household property security and business investment, improve economic growth, and lead to more effective local governance.
Property Rights and Land Privatization: Issues for Success In Mongolia
This document provides a framework for analyzing land reform, property rights, and land privatization in Mongolia, examines the current system of property rights and privatization in Mongolia, catalogues donor efforts in the country, and summarizes recommendations for further action.
A Review of Customary Land Rights Protections in Southern Kordofan and Blue Nile States, Sudan
This report provides a review of applicable laws in Blue Nile and Southern Kordofan impacting on customary land tenure rights with a view to ascertaining their ability to provide real ‘protections’ and outlines a program of legal interventions to assist each state government in developing legislation conducive to protection of customary land rights.
LAND TENURE AND PROPERTY RIGHTS ASSESSMENT FOR KYRGYZSTAN
This document provides a framework for analyzing land reform, property rights, and land privatization in Kyrgyzstan, examines the current system of property rights and privatization in Kyrgyzstan, and summarizes recommendations for further action.
Tajikistan Land Legislation Development Project 2005
This is the USAID/ARD Tajikistan Land Legislation Development Project which describes the program and the implementation strategy.
Honduras Assessment of Land Markets
This is USAID assessment on Honduras’s land market and property rights which discusses the history of land markets, objectives of the program, and analysis of the program.
St Lucia Assessment of Land Markets
This is USAID assessment on St. Lucia’s land market and property rights which discusses the history of land markets, objectives of the program, and analysis of the program.
The Myth of Private Ownership and Land Rights Development in Mozambique
A Concepts Note on the Perils of Uneven Land Policy Implementation and Failed Agrarian Relations for Economic Growth
Evaluation of The Market Access And Poverty Alleviation (Mapa) Project In Bolivia
This evaluation of the MAPA projects contains a project background, conclusions and recommendations for these projects.
Land Titling and Economic Restructuring in Afghanistan
This evaluation looks at the goals as set out by the project document to realize: (1) Tenure Regularization; (2) Property Registration; (3) Cadastral Mapping/Parcel Indexing; (4) Land Law Development; and (5) Capacity Building. The Evaluation Team was specifically asked to look at the following subtasks: Simplification of title transfer, Developing databases for recording titles; Consolidation of laws; Public education; Pilot titling activities; Pilot dispute resolution activities; and Property deed reorganization.
Ukraine Land Reform Assessment Report Final
This evaluation has been undertaken to evaluate ULTI’s performance and Ukraine’s progress with land market development for the purpose of (1) strengthening USAID’s collaboration with the World Bank (WB) land reform program, (2) improving on its approach to land reform and land market development in the Ukraine, and (3) identifying new strategies and development pathways for assisting Ukraine’s land privatization and land market development.
Land Policy State Consultation – Yambio, Western Equitoria
This report, published in June 2009 by USAID, is one of a series of regional documents intended to identify the broad range of land tenure issues and challenges found throughout Sudan’s ten states. The workshop in Yambio, Western Equatoria State (WES) is the first of ten being conducted in each state of southern Sudan. Participants included representatives from civil society, women’s organizations, and traditional authorities, although the largest number of participants has been drawn from government institutions at the State, county, and payam level.
Land Policy State Consultation – Torit, Eastern Equitoria State
This report, published in July 2009 by USAID, is one of a series of regional documents intended to identify the broad range of land tenure issues and challenges found throughout Sudan’s ten states. Participants included representatives from civil society, women’s organizations, and traditional authorities, although the largest number of participants has been drawn from government institutions at the State, county, and payam levels.
Land Policy State Consultation – Rumbek, Lakes State
This report, published in August 2009 by USAID, is one of a series of regional documents intended to identify the broad range of land tenure issues and challenges found throughout Sudan’s ten states. The workshop in Rumbek, Lakes State is one of ten being conducted in each state of southern Sudan. Participants included representatives from civil society, women’s organizations, and traditional authorities, although the largest number of participants has been drawn from government institutions at the State, county, and payam level.
Land Policy State Consultation – Wau, Western Bahr El Ghazal
This report, published in June 2009 by USAID, is one of a series of regional documents intended to identify the broad range of land tenure issues and challenges found throughout Sudan’s ten states. The workshop in Wau, Western Bahr El Ghazalis one of ten being conducted in each state of southern Sudan. Participants included representatives from civil society, women’s organizations, and traditional authorities, although the largest number of participants has been drawn from government institutions at the State, county, and payam level.
Afghanistan - Issue Brief Land Tenure and Property Rights in Afghanistan
The following document is an Issue Brief. Local disputes in Afghanistan are related in part to conflicting claims over land and resource rights, including disputes related to resettlement of Internally Displaced Peoples (IDPs) and refugees, conflict over control of pasture and water, and participation in the opium economy. The sale or lease of state-held land by the government subject to counter customary claims is causing tension.
Land Tenure And Property Rights: The Kimberly Process in the Central African Republic
The Property Rights and Artisanal Diamond Development Project (PRADD) is a pilot effort designed to identify and test methods for achieving clear, secure, and publicly validated rights to property—including rights to mining claims at the local level—that are confirmed in government records. PRADD responds to a recognized need: existing statutory records of artisanal diamond miners’ property rights are often unorganized, out of date, difficult to access, and non-transparent, while mining claims based on customary rights are generally informal and undervalued. PRADD’s objectives are to strengthen property rights and production accounting in order to improve compliance with the KPCS, and to improve the incomes and living standards of miners and mining communities.
Land Tenure And Property Rights: Colombia
Securing land tenure, restitution of land rights, and protection of the property rights of the displaced are stated policy objectives of the Government of Colombia. USAID/Colombia’s Strategic Results Framework for 2009- 2013 echoes these priorities and incorporates intermediate results specifically related to improving land tenure and to improving protection and restitution of land for the displaced. Achieving these objectives will require reforms to the legal framework and substantial improvements in the capacity of the State to assist its poor and vulnerable populations.
Land Tenure And Property Rights: Ethiopia
USAID’s work with land tenure and property rights (LTPR) in Ethiopia began with the Ethiopia Land Policy and Administration Assessment in 2004, which led to the following projects: (1) Strengthening Ethiopian Land Tenure Policy and Administration Program (ELTAP) from January 2005–June 2008; and (2) the Ethiopia Strengthening Land Administration Program (ELAP), 2008–2013. ELTAP was implemented to: reform the legal framework for land and property by harmonizing regional land administration and use laws with federal legislation; improve the awareness of land users and stakeholders about land administration and land use laws and regulations; and strengthen the capacity of federal and regional governments to implement second level land registration and certification. Both ELTAP’s achievements and ongoing technical and policy challenges created demand for the successor ELAP project.
Land Tenure and Property Rights in Pakistan: LTPR Issues and Support For The Taliban
The Taliban is building popular support based in part upon anger over unequal distribution of land and unfair owner-tenant contracts. The insurgents are thus exploiting deep resentment among landless tenants toward “wealthy landlords,” effectively “engineering a class revolt” with significant implications for the rest of Pakistan (Perlez and Shah 2009).
Land Tenure and Property Rights: Sudan
Southern Sudan is in the midst of a fragile transition from decades of civil war to a tentative peace. Land tenure and property rights (LTPR) issues could undermine that transition by hampering a productive agricultural sector and long-term economic growth. Rural people contest the right of the GOSS to hold and manage land in trust on their behalf, claiming that land “belongs to the people.” Ongoing conflicts, many violent, erupt among pastoralists and between pastoralists and farmers. Customary claims to land in peri-urban areas are routinely ignored, fueling conflict. Laws and state institutions for land administration and conflict mediation are weak, and there is confusion over which laws take precedent, statutory or customary.
Africa’s Diamond Trade: Bringing Justice to Miners through Property Rights
PRADD June 2010 Frontline Story. The PRADD project, designed and managed by USAID’s Office of Natural Resources Management in the Bureau for Economic Growth, Agriculture and Trade, is one component of a global USAID program on land tenure security and property rights.
Success Story: Leaders Build Consensus on Land Policy for Southern Sudan
Leading Southern Sudan policymakers, traditional leaders, legislators, and civil society representatives agreed on priorities for Southern Sudan’s land policy during a workshop convened in Juba by the USAID-funded Sudan Property Rights Program (SPRP) and the Southern Sudan Land Commission (SSLC), its Government of Southern Sudan (GoSS) partner.
Rewards for Ecosystem Services and Collective Land Tenure: Lessons from Ecuador and Indonesia
Tenure Brief #9. Case studies from Ecuador and Indonesia highlight key land tenure issues to be mindful of when planning programs that offer payments or other rewards for provision of ecosystem services.
Land Tenure and Property Rights Assessment: Agricultural Enterprises Initiatives of USAID/Kenya
The assessment examined how issues related to Land Tenure and Property Rights (LTPR), is impacting success of small and medium scale agricultural enterprises. The assessment team focused on issues of: i) regularization of rights to agricultural land; ii) access to land markets; iii) diversification of local livelihood; and iv) issues of equitability and efficiency in land administration system. The assessment provided USAID/Kenya with an understanding of how the draft Kenya National Land Policy (KNLP) might impact sustainability and growth of the small and medium-scale farming sector.
Kenya Land Policy: Analysis and Recommendations
The purpose of the study is to raise questions concerning the draft Kenya Land Policy and to propose areas for further consideration, to assist Kenya in its attempts to address this difficult issue. The study thus first reviews and assesses systematically the ideas put forward in the current draft of the policy. It goes on to look at the implications of some elements of the policy for ongoing USAID programs, and at opportunities for new programming. It then provides key findings and recommendations.
Land Tenure and Property Rights Assessment: The Northern Rangeland and Coastal Conservation Programs of USAID/Kenya
This assessment attempts to provide knowledge, particularly on the land and property rights arrangements, and implications for natural resource management, tourism and income generation. To that end, the assessment examines the following themes and how they constrain or enhance performance at targeted sites: • Land ownership and control - customary and statutory land tenure systems, and the changing nature of these systems; • Land redistribution and rights formalization – legal and illegal land allocation, settlement programs, compulsory acquisition, land sub-division/ privatization; • Land and natural resource use and management - customary/statutory rights to natural resources, common property resource management, land and resource conflicts, constraints to investment, and benefit sharing; • Land administration institutions - adjudication processes, land registration, and planning. The assessment takes a critical look at the various models of conservation (tourism) enterprises being promoted, establishes a framework for the analysis of these models, and identifies implications for the Kenya draft National Land Policy (dNLP).
Environmental and Economic Impact Assessment of Land Privatization in Eastern Europe and Eurasia National Report —Bulgaria
USAID has been promoting land privatization throughout the transition countries of Central and Eastern Europe with the hope that private ownership and clear land ownership rights will promote rural development in the region. Privatization of land holdings has been seen as a critical component of securing land rights, increasing opportunities for provision of credit, and providing incentives for greater investments in land and better environmental management. This report forms one of three reports that explore the relationship between land privatization and economic and environmental outcomes in Eastern Europe and Eurasia (E&E). The three reports include two Country Case Studies (Bulgaria and Ukraine), and a Synthesis Report that places the Country Case Studies within the context of the region as a whole (as examined through desk review of literature). The studies focus on the agriculture, livestock/pasture, and forestry sectors.
Environmental and Economic Impact Assessment of Land Privatization in Eastern Europe and Eurasia Synthesis Report
USAID has been promoting land privatization throughout the transition countries of Central and Eastern Europe with the expectation that private ownership and clear land ownership rights will promote rural development in the region. Privatization of land holdings has been seen as a critical component to securing land rights and increasing opportunities for the provision of credit. Additionally, privatization offers incentives for greater investments in land and improved environmental management. This study has two main goals: 1. Explore the relationship between land privatization and economic and environmental outcomes in the selected countries, and examine how these outcomes have evolved; and 2. Develop a deeper understanding of the economic and environmental impact of land privatization in the Eastern Europe and Eurasia (E&E)1 region by analyzing two country case studies and, to the extent possible, extrapolate to the region as a whole.
Environmental and Economic Impact Assessment of Land Privatization in Eastern Europe and Eurasia National Report —Ukraine
USAID has been promoting land privatization throughout the transition countries of Central and Eastern Europe with the hope that private ownership and clear land ownership rights will promote rural development in the region. Privatization of land holdings has been seen as a critical component of securing land rights, increasing opportunities for provision of credit, and providing incentives for greater investments in land and improved environmental management. This report is one of three reports that explore the relationship between land privatization and economic and environmental outcomes in Eastern Europe and Eurasia (E&E). The three reports include two Country Case Studies (Bulgaria and Ukraine), and a Synthesis Report that places the Country Case Studies within the context of the region as a whole (as examined through a desk review of literature). The studies focus on the agriculture, livestock/pasture, and forestry sectors.
Field Test of LTPR Impact Assessment Tool: Successes, Challenges and Recomendations
Under the USAID Global Land Tenure II (GLT2) Lesson Learned: Property Rights and Natural Resource Management Task Orders, ARD has developed an impact assessment tool. This tool was crafted to assist USAID missions assess impact of land tenure and property rights (LTPR) interventions and derive important lessons that can inform future programming. Following a USAID review and subsequent revision of the Draft Impact Assessment Tool, USAID/Washington and ARD worked with USAID/Ecuador to field test the tool by conducting a rapid impact assessment of the Conservation in Areas Managed by Indigenous Groups Project (CAIMAN ) and the Southern Border Integration Program (PSUR). The purpose of the assessment, therefore, encompassed two distinct objectives: one calling for the impact assessment of the USAID/Ecuador projects and the other involving the pilot testing and appraisal of ARD’s LTPR Impact Assessment Tool.
Indigenous Territorial Rights in Ecuador: Raprid Impact Assessment of CAIMAN and Southern Borders Integration Program
Under the USAID Lesson Learned: Property Rights and Natural Resource Management (GLT2) Task Order, ARD, Inc. developed a land tenure and property rights (LTPR) impact assessment tool. USAID/Washington and ARD worked with USAID/Ecuador to field test the tool as well as conduct a rapid impact assessment of the Conservation in Areas Managed by Indigenous Groups Project (CAIMAN) and the Southern Border Integration Program (PSUR). Both projects sought to strengthen territorial rights of indigenous nationalities: the Cofán nationality in the case of CAIMAN and the Shuar nationality in the case of PSUR. The assessment team applied the tool in order to understand the impact of CAIMAN and PSUR LTPR activities on objectives defined by the projects at their outset. In particular, the team sought to distill: 1) the combination of factors that contributed to outcomes corresponding to project objectives; and 2) the outcomes resulting from the LTPR interventions implemented by the projects, whether they were expected or unexpected.
Agricultural Land Use Consolidation and Alternative Joint Farming Models Facilitation: Program and Projects Implementation Strategy
The Government of Rwanda (GoR), through the agency of the Ministry of Agriculture (MINAGRI) and the Rwanda Agricultural Development Authority (RADA), has responsibility for guiding rural development and prompting agricultural transformation that increases agricultural production and improves the lives of Rwanda’s rural poor. GoR, using a variety of policies, laws, plans, and regulations has also established frameworks for productive and equitable land rights, sustainable land use planning, productive but equitable land use, and efficient and unfettered transactions in land and other property that will promote investment. This implementation strategy: 1. Sets out the existing legal and policy framework that will structure GoR’s efforts to consolidate agricultural land use and to facilitate the creation of alternative joint farming models. 2. Based upon international best practices and the legal and policy framework, describes the principles and standards adopted by MINAGRI and RADA for use in program and projects design and implementation. 3. Describes the tasks that need to be undertaken next to move forward with a consolidation and related alternative model farming facilitation program.
Land Reform and Land Market Development in Ukraine: Findings of The Ukraine Land Titling Initiative (UTI) Project Assessment and Strategies for Future USAID Iintervention
USAID’s program sought to revitalize the agricultural sector through land privatization and, at the same time, provide the rural population a social safety net. USAID hoped to enhance the ability of small- and medium-scale enterprises (SMEs) to use frozen capital assets, thereby allowing the agricultural sector to recapitalize and accelerate growth in value-added food processing. Transferring ownership of land to rural individuals who have become economically disenfranchised during the transition from a planned to market economy is also expected to improve living standards for the rural poor, most of whom are elderly. Both the success of the USAID-funded Ukraine Land Titling Initiative (ULTI) in developing the land market and its expected result of credit expansion depend on the ability to transfer and mortgage land and property as well as the suitability of land as collateral in the eyes of formal lenders. At USAID’s initiative, this evaluation has been undertaken to evaluate ULTI’s performance and Ukraine’s progress with land market development for the purpose of (1) strengthening USAID’s collaboration with the World Bank (WB) land reform program, (2) improving on its approach to land reform and land market development in the Ukraine, and (3) identifying new strategies and development pathways for assisting Ukraine’s land privatization and land market development.
Rwanda: Preliminary Women's Participation and Beneficiary Plan Part One: Recommendation from the Field
This Preliminary Women’s Participation and Beneficiary Plan contains the recommendations to help women participate in and benefit from the national roll-out of the land formalization process in Rwanda. This preliminary plan and the investigations that contributed to it were a part of the early stages of USAID’s gender assistance on property rights and resource governance issues in Rwanda.
Rwanda: Land Related Program Activities Completion Report
As the Government of Rwanda (GoR) strives to establish and rebuild the country’s governance structures and economy, a major focus of attention has been on land—the country’s key resource. USAID has partnered with the GoR in these efforts and has provided ongoing support to secure land and property rights since 2002. This report summarizes the work and results of the latest installment of this partnership, which began in October 2006 and was extended to January 2008. It also includes a synopsis of preceding phases of USAID land assistance.
Burundi Land Related Program Activities 2006 - 07: Completion Report
USAID is providing policy and legislative support to the Government of Burundi (GOB) and other stakeholders in the land sector. The first phase of USAID’s assistance included a number of assessment activities such as: determining the legislative status of the draft Land Law; identifying key GOB actors; summarizing the land related activities of other donors and civil society; and confirming the nature of land-related conflicts.
Land Matters in Northern Uganda: Anything Grows; Anything Goes Post-conflict “conflicts” lie in Land
A preliminary assessment was conducted of land tenure and property rights issues associated with prospects for IDPs to return home in Northern Uganda after 20 years of war. The observations and recommendations of this report are based on two weeks in Uganda (October 23- November 4, 2006), and are largely focused on the “Acholi sub-region in northern Uganda.The sub-region includes Kitgum, Armuru, Gulu and Pader districts.
Strengthening Land Tenure and Property Rights in Angola: Benchmarking Survey for Pilot Sites in Huambo Province
The benchmarking survey was conducted by Development Workshop in two pilot sites, one rural and one urban, in Huambo Province of Angola to provide the necessary baseline information to measure the impact of the USAID Land Tenure Strengthening Project. The survey also has provided information for training materials and workshops to be conducted during the project period.
Strengthening Land Tenure and Property Rights in Angola: A Profile and Planning Tool for Women and Other Disadvantaged Groups in Pilot Areas
This report documents findings from a field assessment on land access of women and Other Disadvantaged Groups (ODGs) that was conducted in August–September of 2007. The field assessment involved interviews with women’s groups, men’s groups, traditional leaders (sobas), local administrators, representatives from the formal court in the pilot sites for the project, as well as selected governmental and nongovernmental organizations (NGOs) working on land and/or gender-related issues. This document provides a preliminary profile of women’s and ODGs’ access to land.
Stengthening Land Tenure and Property Rights in Angola: Land Law and Policy: Overview of Legal Framework
This report provides an outline of applicable legal principles for the USAID project, Strengthening Land Tenure and Property Rights in Angola, which ARD is directing with assistance from Development Workshop (“DW”) and the Rural Development Institute (“RDI”).This report lays out the legal framework applicable to the project, beginning with brief overviews of the country and its customary and formal law (Sections II-V), followed by a detailed outline of the key land legislation, the 2004 Land Law and 2006 Proposed Regulations, in Section VI. The report provides an overview of women’s land rights issues (Section VII) and land administration (Section VIII). The paper closes in Section IX with a preliminary identification of areas within the legal framework where opportunities may exist for useful addition (whether by addendum, bylaw, or by further direction through regulations or guidelines at the provincial level) that will assist in the ultimate objective of increasing land tenure security for Angola’s population.
Angola: Land Rights Formalization in Rural and Peri-Urban Settings: Draft Operations Manual
This manual sets out guidelines for the formalization of land rights in rural and peri-urban settings in Angola. The Draft Operations Manual: Land Rights Formalization in Rural and Peri-urban Settings is a comprehensive document that includes considerations for the selection of communities for formalization projects, guidelines for project management and implementation, a program for sensitization and awareness building, and a procedure for identifying and resolving existing land conflicts while preventing new conflicts from arising. The Draft Manual includes guidelines for the formalization of the land held by a traditional rural community and the demarcation of land held by individuals in rural and peri-urban settings.
Angola: Strategy for Linking Improvements in Land Tenure with Enterprise Development in the Huambo Region
This report contains a review of lessons learned by other USAID-funded enterprise development and microfinance projects in Benguela Province, an assessment of enterprise development opportunities related to land tenure in the two USAID-funded Pilot Project Areas of Huambo Province, and an analysis of possible study tours between the pilot sites and successful enterprise development projects in Angola.
Angola: Strengthening Land Tenure and Property Rights: Final Report
This report covers the full period of implementation of the Strengthening Land Tenure and Property Rights in Angola Project. ARD, Inc. worked with Development Workshop Angola (DW) and the Rural Development Institute (RDI) to implement a 15-month project to develop a methodology to assist peri-urban and rural households improve their land tenure security. The project was based in Huambo Province where DW has a long history of providing assistance in land and social service issues. Two pilot sites were selected in the province to test the methodology: one rural community in the eastern part of the province, Mombolo village, and one peri-urban community on the outskirts of Huambo town, Bom Pastor.
Angola: Managing Land-Related Disputes in the Land Rights Formalization Process Including a Review of Land-Related Disputes in the USAID Land Tenure Strengthening Project Pilot Areas in Huambo and Katchiungol
This report outlines a process for land dispute resolution in support of USAID/Angola’s Land Tenure Strengthening Project (Project), which is being implemented by ARD with support of its partners, DW and RDI. The process will be included in the Land Rights Formalization Process manuals being drafted for the Project’s rural and peri-urban land formalization pilot sites. The land rights formalization process (LRFP) underway in the Huambo province pilot sites requires the inclusion of a land dispute resolution procedure that includes both an appreciation of local practices and is in accordance with the law, as land rights formalization can both aggravate disputes and/or create new ones. The process adopted needs to be relevant to communities, and should be structured, transparent, fair and lawful. The process needs to address dispute prevention as a first step.
Direito a Terra e Resolucao Conflitos na Terra Urbana e Rural na Provincia de Huambo Manual de Divulgacao
Angola land tenure and property rights public information and awareness report in Portuguese.
Guinea: Property Rights and Artisanal Diamond Development (PRADD) Pilot Program Policy Review: Land Tenure, Natural Resources Management (NRM), and Mining Legislation
Completion of a review of legislation in Guinea that regulates or influences property rights to land and natural resources in alluvial diamond mining areas was identified as a priority and stage-setting activity to be included in the program designed to achieve the Property Rights and Artisanal Diamond Development Pilot Program (PRADD)1 result 2: A mechanism for identifying and recognizing property rights holders is established in the target zones. Statutory policies are a significant part of the property rights context that the PRADD pilot project seeks to illuminate and strengthen. However, statutory rights in most African countries are best considered within a broad perspective.
Property Rights and Artisanal Diamond Development (PRADD) Pilot Program - Guinea: Closeout Report January - April 2009
Political events in the Republic of Guinea in the first quarter of 2009 resulted in the closing of the Property Rights and Artisanal Diamond Development (PRADD) Pilot Project—at a time the project was gathering significant momentum. This report describes the key actions carried out and highlights information gathered during final consultations with actors in artisanal diamond sector that could inform decisions regarding an eventual resumption of PRADD in Guinea, when the political situation improves.
Property Rights and Artisanal Diamond Development Pilot Program - Guinea Progress Report (June-September 2008)
A summary of the activities conducted in June - September 2009 under the Guinea Property Rights and Artisanal Diamond (PRADD) pilot program.
Property Rights and Artisanal Diamond Development Pilot Program (PRADD) - Guinea: Third Quarter Progress Report (October - December 2008)
A summary of activities conducted in October - December 2008 under the Property Rights and Artisanal Diamond Development Pilot Program (PRADD) in Guinea.
Guinea Preparatory Mission Report Property Rights and Artisanal Diamond Development Pilot Program: Towards an Approach for Conflict-Free Artisanal Diamond Development in the Central African Republic and Guinea
A mission to Guinea (November 4–20, 2007) confirmed the interest of government authorities and private and civil society stakeholders in receiving the Property Rights and Artisanal Diamond Development (PRADD) pilot project sponsored by the Department of State (Bureau for African Affairs) and USAID (Bureau for Economic Growth, Agriculture, and Trade). PRADD is an element of the US Government’s support to the Kimberley Process (KP) aimed at assisting countries participating in KP to improve the quality of internal controls over the production and sale of artisanal, alluvial diamonds through an innovative approach focused on clarifying and reinforcing property rights.
Droits Statutaires de Propriétés des Terres et des Ressources Naturelles en République Centrafricaine
Land tenure and property rights policy review under the Property Rights and Artisanal Diamond Development project in the Central African Republic.
The Mining Sector in Central African Republic with a focus on Information Collection and Management Systems and Procedures
The policy review's purpose is twofold: 1) to provide a concise background summary of mining policy history and current issues as a basis for workshop discussions; and 2) to facilitate identification by workshop participants in CAR of constraints and opportunities to improve alluvial diamond chain-of-custody information availability and management by establishing a reliable information system. The ultimate goal of the sessions focusing on mining policy in CAR was to contribute to achievement of result 1 identified in the PRADD pilot project design document: A system for reliable production and export information for diamonds exists at pilot sites.
Property Rights and Artisanal Diamond Development Pilot Program: Consultant Report on National Workshop on Property Rights in Mining Areas and Alluvial Diamond Chain of Custody: Central African Republic
The Property Rights and Artisanal Diamond Development (PRADD) pilot project in the Central African Republic (CAR) was launched in April 2007. In an effort to define the baseline situation in CAR, one of PRADD’s first activities was to undertake reviews of mining policy and of the legislation that regulates property rights to land and natural resources (forests, water) in diamond mining areas. On July 2-3, 2007 PRADD organized a two-day workshop in Bangui to discuss and debate the preliminary results of the policy reviews with a view to facilitating identification by project partners of opportunities and constraints to strengthen the property rights of artisanal miners and improve alluvial diamond chain-of-custody information availability and management.
Analyse des Politiques du Secteur minier de la République centrafricaine, en particulier des systèmes et procédures de collecte et de gestion des informations
Policy review of the mining sector in the Central African Republic.
Etude sociodémographique des exploitants du diamant artisanal dans les zones pilotes du projet DPDDA en République Centrafricaine
Socio-demographic study of artisanal diamond miners in the pilot areas of the Property Rights and Artisanal Diamond Development program in the Central African Republic.
Les campagnes de sensibilisation sur le Code minier en République Centrafricaine
The awareness campaign on the Mining Code in the pilot zones of Ngotto, Bossoui and Boulaye in the Central African Republic for the Property Rights and Artisanal Diamond Development program (PRADD).
Guide du Code Minier en République Centrafricaine A l’usage des artisans et ouvriers miniers
Mining code guide for artisanal diamond miners and workers in the Central African Republic.
PRADD CAR: La zone pilote de Bossoui
PRA in the Bossoui pilot zone in the Central African Republic for the PRADD program. Study of artisan miners and the local artisanal diamond economy before integration into the Kimberley process.
Mali Land Tenure Assessment Report
The USAID mission to Mali requested a summary review of the evolution of land tenure policies of the Republic of Mali. A two-person team carried out a literature review and short field visit to Mali in May 2010, under the auspices of USAID’s Property Rights and Resource Governance Program (PRRGP). The resulting study suggests that the relationship in Mali between land tenure and food security is strong. In principle, land tenure security—the expectation that land rights will be respected—should encourage increased investment in agricultural production. In turn, this will contribute to improved income levels from the sale of surplus production, job creation in the agricultural and ancillary sectors, enhanced income opportunities along the extended value chain, and expanded trade opportunities. In the longer term, increased production and income improves food security by expanding both availability and access to food. Unfortunately, the lack of land tenure security in Mali limits the willingness of small-scale producers and agro-investors to invest in expanding and intensifying agricultural production. The Government of Mali is making strides to increase tenure security through new public policies of decentralization and devolution of authority to control and manage land and other natural resources. In the long term, this should increase the country’s capacity to ensure household and national food security.
Saving Kenya's Last Coastal Wilderness by Defending Resident's Rights
The USAID-funded Kenya SECURE Chief of Party, Kevin Doyle, in his piece, Saving Kenya’s Last Coastal Wilderness by Defending Residents Rights explains how plans to protect the rights of Lamu’s traditional residents can support conservation goals. Article appears in July-September 2010 issue of SWARA magazine, published by the East Africa Wild Life Society. Used with permission.
Sudan Land Policy State Consultation – Malakal, Upper Nile State
A team of six members from the USAID|Sudan Property Rights Program (SPRP) and the Southern Sudan Land Policy Steering Committee (LPSC) conducted a workshop consultation with 107 participants from 11 counties of Upper Nile State (UNS), including representatives of state line ministries, county commissioners, traditional chiefs, county executive secretaries, women representatives, youth representatives, and civil society organizations (CSOs). Participants discussed their concerns and ideas regarding land tenure and property rights (LTPR) over the course of three days.
PRADD Rehabilitation Ecologique des Sites Miniers Artisanaux de Diamants en Republiique Centrafricaine et Lecons des Experiences en Sierra Leone – Rapport Final
The final report of ecological rehabilitation of artisanal diamond mining sites in CAR and Sierra Leone under the PRADD project.
PRADD Rapport d'Etude MARP dans les Zones
PRA assessments of pilot villages in the PRADD Central African Republic project.
USAID Success Story: Defending a widow’s right to land and property
USAID's Land Reform Project in Tajikistan helps return a home to its legal owner.
Property Rights and Artisanal Diamond Development (PRADD) Project Comparative Study: Legal and Fiscal Regimes For Artisanal Diamond Mining
This Comparative Study assesses how legalization of artisanal diamond miners can be promoted through reduced costs of licensing, royalties, taxes, and fees. Detailed case studies from diamond producing countries—Liberia, Sierra Leone, Guyana, Tanzania, and the Democratic Republic of Congo (DRC)—and general experiences from several other ASM countries provide interesting insights.
Property Rights and Artisanal Diamond Development (PRADD) Projet Étude Comparative : Regimes Juridiques et Fiscaux pour L’Exploitation Miniere Artisanale de Diamants
This Comparative Study assesses how legalization of artisanal diamond miners can be promoted through reduced costs of licensing, royalties, taxes, and fees. Detailed case studies from diamond producing countries—Liberia, Sierra Leone, Guyana, Tanzania, and the Democratic Republic of Congo (DRC)—and general experiences from several other ASM countries provide interesting insights (French version).
Land Tenure Issues in Southern Sudan: Key Findings and Recommendations for Southern Sudan Land Policy
A compendium of studies on Southern Sudan land tenure issues, including: a Scoping Paper; Jurisdiction of GOSS, State, County, and Customary Authorities over Land Administration, Planning, and Allocation: Juba County, Central Equatoria State; Land Tenure and Property Rights in Southern Sudan: A Case Study of Informal Settlements in Juba; Customary Authority and Traditional Authority in Southern Sudan: A Case Study of Juba County; Conflict Over Resources Among Rural Communities in Southern Sudan; and, a Synthesis Paper.
Forest Conservation Project Empowers Community to Restore Mau Forest’s Glory
USAID is assisting the Kenya Government (GoK) to restore the forest and watersheds in the Mau Forest Complex (MFC) through a $7 million, two-year project called ProMara (for the Mara). On March 25th 2011, USAID/Kenya’s Deputy Mission Director James Hope officially launched ProMara at the project’s new Mau Outreach Center (MOC), on the outskirts of the forest. The Mau Forest Complex has a history of illegal and irregular land allocations. In 2009, GoK acted on Mau Task Force recommendations to revoke questionable titles, ordering the eviction of "illegal" settlers from the MFC. This resulted in controversy as well as uncertainty among remaining residents.
Hollywood ending for Lamu’s Boni-Lungi forest?
This article in Chonjo Magazine explores the Boni people in Lamu, Kenya and their relationship with the forested lands between the Dodori and Boni National Reserves. Threats to their way of life and potential solutions are discussed.
Property Rights and Artisanal Diamond Development: Feasibility of Direct Marketing of Artisanal Diamonds from Liberia and CAR to the USA
The purpose of this research was to ascertain the feasibility and desirability of establishing more direct trading relations between artisanal miners in the Central African Republic (CAR) and Liberia and international buyers—with special attention to the US diamond industry—on the premise that increasing the price achieved by artisanal miners may make them more able and thus likely to formalize their activities.
Ghana Partnership for Growth Land Tenure Investigation for Constraints Analysis
The interagency Partnerships for Growth (PfG) initiative constraints analysis identified land tenure insecurity as a constraint to economic growth in Ghana. The purpose of this document is to provide a more detailed analysis of the issue, as well as recommendations for USG assistance in overcoming this constraint.
PRADD Liberia Baseline Survey: Results and Analysis
This report presents the results of the baseline survey as well as some analysis of the data and implications for future programming as part of the Property Rights and Artisanal Diamond Development (PRADD) Liberia project, a USAID-funded intervention to clarify property rights and extend training and outreach to small-scale diamond miners in two areas in Liberia. The survey was conducted prior to the start of project implementation in January-February 2011 for the purposes of an impact evaluation following the conclusion of the project. 826 artisanal diamond mining households participated in the 144 question survey that included questions covering household demographic information and economic activity, mining activities, conflicts and security, policy awareness and perceptions, household assets, and opinions on mining-related issues. The survey covered the two areas in which PRADD-Liberia activities will take place, as well as two additional sites designed to serve as control areas to form the basis for a comparison between outcomes in project and non-project areas. To our knowledge, this is the first large sample household survey of artisanal diamond miners that has been undertaken anywhere in the world.
Customary Land Tenure in Liberia: Findings and Implications Drawn from 11 Case Studies
The report presents an analysis of critical implications of the findings of the study and provides recommendations for addressing sources of tenure insecurity faced by rural communities in Liberia. The research was carried out under the auspices of the Liberian Land Commission and was undertaken with the primary purpose of improving the Commission’s understanding of customary tenure in rural Liberia. The information and analyses are intended to enable the Land Commission to develop sound law and policy that will strengthen the land tenure security of rural communities in Liberia.
